LMDS

<body topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 marginheight=0 marginwidth=0> <table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0><tr> <td valign="top" colspan=2 height=110 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="03df0f21egerdp.jpg"> <div> <FONT SIZE="1" COLOR="#66334C" FACE="Arial" ><B><IMG SRC="03e203c0.jpg" border=0 width="32" height="60" ALIGN="BOTTOM" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0"></B></FONT><FONT SIZE="5" COLOR="#FF0000" FACE="Arial" ><B>LMDS</B></FONT><FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#66334C" FACE="Arial" ><B>      |              </B></FONT><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="_"><U>Home</U></A> | <A HREF="id3.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Wireless"><U>Wireless</U></A> | <A HREF="id16.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Broadcast"><U>Broadcast</U></A> | <A HREF="id19.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Mission Statement"><U>Mission Statement</U></A> | <A HREF="id4.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Cable Modems"><U>Cable</U></A> | <A HREF="id17.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Set Top Box"><U>STB</U></A> | <A HREF="id20.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Contact Us"><U>Contact Us</U></A> | <A HREF="id6.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Satellite"><U>Satellite</U></A><FONT SIZE="4" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" ><B> </B></FONT></div> <bR> <div> </div> </td> </tr><tr> <td valign="top" width=210 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="03cf2f02egerdp.jpg"> <bR> <div> <A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="_"><U><B><U>Home</U></B></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#66334C" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="index.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="_"><U> </U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id2.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE=" BlueTooth"><U><B><U>BlueTooth</U></B></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#66334C" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id2.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE=" BlueTooth"><U> </U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id3.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Wireless"><U><B><U>Wireless</U></B></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#66334C" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id3.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Wireless"><U> </U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id4.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Cable Modems"><U><B><U>Cable</U></B></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#66334C" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id4.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Cable Modems"><U> </U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id6.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Satellite"><U><B><U>Sate</U></B></U></A><A HREF="id6.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Satellite"><U><B><U>llite</U></B></U></A></div> <div> <A HREF="id16.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Broadcast"><U><B><U>Broadcast</U></B></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#66334C" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id16.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Broadcast"><U> </U></A></FONT></div> <div> <A HREF="id17.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Set Top Box"><U><B><U>Set Top Box</U></B></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#66334C" FACE="Arial" ><A HREF="id17.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Set Top Box"><U> </U></A></FONT></div> <div> <B>LMDS</B><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#66334C" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B><U>M</U></B><A HREF="id19.htm" TARGET="_top" TITLE="Mission Statement"><U><B><U>ission Statement</U></B></U></A><FONT SIZE="3" COLOR="#66334C" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <div> <B><U>Contact Us</U></B></div> <bR> </td> <td valign="top" height=370 BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#080000" bgproperties="fixed" background="03ff0f03.jpg"> <div> <I>LMDS</I></div> <div> <I><B><U>LMDS Overview</U></B></I><I><B> </B></I></div> <bR> <div> LMDS is a broadband wireless point-to-multipoint communication system operating above 20 GHz (depending on country of licensing) that can be used to provide digital two-way voice, data, Internet, and video services. The acronym LMDS is derived from the following:</div> <bR> <div> <FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#CC3300" FACE="Arial" ><B>L</B></FONT><B> </B>(local)-denotes that propagation characteristics of signals in this </div> <div> frequency range limit the potential coverage area of a single cell site; </div> <div> ongoing field trials conducted in metropolitan centres place the range </div> <div> of an LMDS transmitter at,up to, 9 Kms</div> <bR> <div> <B>M </B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" >(multipoint)-indicates that signals are transmitted in a point-to-multipoint </FONT></div> <div> or broadcast method; the wireless return path, from subscriber to the base </div> <div> station is a point-to-point transmission.</div> <bR> <div> <B>D</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > (distribution)-refers to the distribution of signals, which may consist of </FONT></div> <div> simultaneous voice,data, Internet, and video traffic </div> <bR> <div> <B>S</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > (service)-implies the subscriber nature of the relationship between the </FONT></div> <div> operator and the customer, the services offered through an LMDS net- </div> <div> work are entirely dependent on the operators choice of business.</div> <bR> <div> <B>Why LMDS?</B> </div> <bR> <div> Point-to-point fixed wireless networks have been commonly deployed to offer high-speed dedicated links between high-density nodes in a network. Moreover, since a large part of a wireless network's cost is not incurred until the customer premise equipment is installed, the network service operator can time capital expenditures to coincide with the signing of new customers. LMDS provides an effective last-mile solution for the incumbent service provider and can be used by competitive service providers to deliver services directly to end-users. Benefits can be summarized as follows:</div> <bR> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700dc00000000.gif" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Lower entry and deployment costs.</div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700dc00000000.gif" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Ease and speed of deployment (systems can be deployed rapidly with </div> <div>       minimal interruption to the community and the environment) </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700dc00000000.gif" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Fast realisation of revenue (as a result of rapid deployment) </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700dc00000000.gif" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Demand-based buildout (scalable architecture employing open industry </div> <div>       standards. Ensuring services and coverage areas can be easily </div> <div>       expanded as warrants). </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700dc00000000.gif" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Cost shift from fixed to variable components (with traditional wireline </div> <div>       systems, most of the capital investment is in the infrastructure, while </div> <div>       with LMDS a greater percentage of the investment is shifted to </div> <div>       customer-premises equipment [CPE], which means an operator </div> <div>       spends dollars only when a revenue paying customer signs on.</div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700dc00000000.gif" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">No stranded capital when customers churn. </div> <div> <IMG BORDER="0" SRC="Symb075c00b700dc00000000.gif" HEIGHT="15" WIDTH="24" ALIGN="bottom" HSPACE="0" VSPACE="0">Cost-effective network maintenance, management, and operating costs.</div> <div>  </div> <div> <B>Network Architecture</B> </div> <bR> <div> Various network architectures are possible within LMDS system design. The majority of system operators will be using point-to-multipoint wireless access designs although point-to-point systems and TV distribution system can be provided within the LMDS system. It is expected that the LMDS services will be a combination of voice, video, and data. Therefore, both asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) and Internet protocol (IP) transport methodologies are practical when viewed within the larger telecommunications infrastructure system of a nation. </div> <bR> <div> The LMDS network architecture consists of primarily four parts: network operations center (NOC), fibre based infrastructure, base station, and customer premise equipment. This tutorial primarily discusses base station, customer premise, and NOC designs.</div> <bR> <div> <B>System Equipment Segments</B><FONT SIZE="2" COLOR="#000000" FACE="Arial" > </FONT></div> <bR> <div> The NOC contains the network management system (NMS) equipment that manages large regions of the customer network. Multiple NOCs can be interconnected. The fiber-based infrastructure typically consists of synchronous optical network (SONET) optical carrier (OC)-12, OC-3, and DS-3 links; central-office (CO) equipment; ATM and IP switching systems; and interconnections with the Internet and public switched telephone networks (PSTN).</div> <bR> <div> The base station is where the conversion from fibred infrastructure to wireless infrastructure occurs. Base station equipment includes the network interface for fibre termination; modulation and demodulation functions; and microwave transmission and reception equipment typically located atop a roof or a pole. Key functionality's, which may not be present in different designs, include local switching. This function implies that billing, channel access management, registration, and authentication occur locally within the base station. The alternative base-station architecture simply provides connection to the fibre nfrastructure. This forces all traffic to terminate in ATM switches or CO equipment somewhere in the fibre infrastructure. </div> <bR> <div> In this scenario, if two customers connected to the same base station wish to communicate with each other, they do so at a centralised location. Billing, authentication registration, and traffic-management functions are performed centrally.</div> <bR> <div> The customer-premise configurations vary widely from vendor to vendor. Primarily, all configurations will include outdoor mounted microwave equipment and indoor digital equipment providing modulation, demodulation, control, and customer-premise interface functionality. The CPE may attach to the network using time-division multiple access (TDMA), frequency-division multiple access (FDMA), or code-division multiple access (CDMA) methodologies. The customer premise interfaces will run the full range from digital signal, level 0 (DS0), plain old telephone service (POTS), 10BaseT, unstructured DS1, structured DS1, frame relay, ATM25, serial ATM over T1, DS-3, OC-3, and OC-1. The customer premise locations will range from large enterprises (e.g., office buildings, hospitals, campuses), in which the microwave equipment is shared between many users, to mall locations and residences, in which single offices requiring 10BaseT and/or two POTS lines will be connected. Obviously, different customer-premise locations require different equipment configurations and different price points.</div> <bR> <div> <B>Standards</B> </div> <bR> <div> As LMDS wireless access systems evolve, standards will become increasingly important. Standards activities currently underway include activities by ATM Forum, the Digital Audio Video Council (DAVIC), the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), and the International Telecommunications Union (ITU). The majority of these methods use ATM cells as the primary transport mechanism. </div> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> <bR> </td> </tr></table></body>